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Information about Peru
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Country
Peru
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean.
Peru is a representative democratic republic divided into 25 regions. Its geography varies from the arid plains of the Pacific coast to the peaks of the Andes mountains and the tropical forests of the Ama...zon Basin. It is a developing country with a medium Human Development Index score and a poverty level around 40%. Its main economic activities include agriculture, fishing, mining, and manufacturing of products such as textiles. The Peruvian population, estimated at 29 million, is multiethnic, including Amerindians, Europeans, Africans and Asians. The main spoken language is Spanish, although a significant number of Peruvians speak Quechua or other native languages. This mixture of cultural traditions has resulted in a wide diversity of expressions in fields such as art, cuisine, literature, and music. |
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Capital
Lima
Lima is the capital and largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers, on a coast overlooking the Pacific Ocean. It forms a contiguous urban area with the seaport of Callao. Lima is the 5th largest city in Latin America, behind Mexico City, São Paulo, Buenos Aires and Rio de Janeiro.
Lima was founded by Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro on January 18, 1535, as La Ciudad de los Reyes, or "The City of Kings." It became the most important city in the Spanish Viceroyalty of Peru and, after the Peruvian War of Independence, was made the capital of the Republic of Peru. Today around one-third of the Peruvian population lives in the metropolitan area.
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Biggest cities
Arequipa
Arequipa is the capital of the Arequipa Region in southern Peru. With a population of 904,931 (2009 - World-Gazetteer.com) it is the second most populous city of the country. Arequipa lies in the Andes mountains, at an altitude of 2,380 meters (7,800 feet) above sea level; the snow-capped volcano El Misti overlooks the city. The city has many colonial-era Spanish buildings built of sillar, a pearly white volcanic rock, from which it gets the nickname La Ciudad Blanca ("The White City"). The historic centre of Arequipa was named a UNESCO world heritage site in 2000, in recognition of its architecture and historic integrity.
Trujillo
Trujillo, in northwestern Peru, is the capital of the La Libertad Region, and the third largest city in Peru. The urban area has 811,979 inhabitants and is an economic hub in northern Peru.[1] The city is located at the banks of the Moche River, near its mouth on the Pacific Ocean, in a valley of great cultural hegemony. The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Trujillo has its seat here.
Chiclayo
Chiclayo, is the capital city of the Lambayeque region in northern Peru. It is located 13 kilometers inland from the Pacific coast and 770 kilometers from the nation's capital, Lima.
Founded as "Santa María de los Valles de Chiclayo" in the 1500s, it was given the title of "city" on April 15, 1835 by president Felipe Santiago Salaverry. He also gave the city the honorary name of "Heroic City" a title which it still holds to this day, recognizing the courage of its citizens.
Currently, Chiclayo is one of the most important urban areas of Peru. It has grown to become the country's fourth largest city after Lima, Arequipa, and Trujillo. The city has a population of 738, 000 while the metropolitan area has a population of 972,713 (2009 - World-Gazetteer.com). Additionally, the city is very commercialized and has many modern characteristics as well as being known as one of the friendliest cities in Peru. Because of this attribute, Chiclayo is known as The Capital of Friendship and the Pearl of the North.
An important Wari archaeological site is located nearby.
Huancayo
Huancayo (Wankayu’, originally Wankayuq, '(place) with a sacred rock' in Quechua) is the capital of the Junín Region, in the central highlands of Peru. It is located in Huancayo Province, of which it is also capital. Situated near the Mantaro Valley at an altitude of 3,271 meters, it has a population of 323,054. Huancayo is the cultural and commercial center of the whole central Peruvian Andes area.
Currency
Nuevo Sol (PEN)
Language
Spanish
Area
1285220 km2
Population
29132013
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